Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is a strong depressant that acts on the central nervous system directly
Cysteine residues in Keap1 act as sensors for electrophiles and oxidants, and their oxidation leads to the release and subsequent translocation of Nrf2 into the nucleus where it can bind to the ARE4 sequence in the promoter region of genes involved in antioxidant defense (Moinova and Mulcahy 1999)
Investigating the effects of Argireline in a skin serum containing hyaluronic acids on skin surface wrinkles using the Visia Complexion Analysis camera system for objective skin analysis
XiaoCWangCWangJWuXKeCNanJet al
Additionally, epithelial trauma promotes the release of IFN, which increases the expression of CXCL10, favoring the migration of circulating lymphocytes.65 Immunological changesInnate immunity Evidence for the participation of the innate immune system in the pathogenesis of vitiligo is very consistent, with the latter being considered the link between oxidative stress and the adaptive immune response.66 First, dendritic cells, macrophages, and NK (natural killer) cells are found in the lesional and perilesional skin of patients with vitiligo, characterizing an activation of the innate immune response.67 Activated NK cells (CD56+ / granzyme B+) and IFN-producing cells have been identified in the blood and non-lesional skin of patients with vitiligo.68 Moreover, there is an increase in proinflammatory cytokines, characteristic of innate immunity, in both serum and skin of patients with vitiligo, such as IL1, IL1, IL6, IL8, IL12, IL15, and TNF.69 These elements indicate a global activation of the body innate immunity, transcending the affected areas
